Torrey's Topical Textbook

"Servants" to "Shields"

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Matthew Henry Commentary -
Easton's Bible Dictionary - Nave's Topical Bible - Torrey's Topical Textbook

Servants

- Early mention of Ge 9:25,26

- DIVIDED INTO . Male Ge 24:34; 32:5

. Female Ge 16:6; 32:5

. Bond Ge 43:18; Le 25:46

. Hired Mr 1:20; Lu 15:17

- Persons devoted to the service of another so called Ps 119:49; Isa 56:6

- The subjects of a prince or king so called Ex 9:20; 11:8

- Persons of low condition so called Ec 10:7

- Persons devoted to God so called Ps 119:49; Isa 56:6; Ro 1:1

- The term often used to express humility Ge 18:3; 33:5; 1Sa 20:7; 1Ki 20:32

- HIRED . Called hireling Job 7:1; Joh 10:12,13

. Engaged by the year Le 25:53; Isa 16:14

. Engaged by the day Mt 20:2

. Not to be oppressed De 24:14

. To be paid without delay at the expiration of their service Le 19:13; De 24:15

. To be esteemed worthy of their hire Lu 10:7

. To partake of the produce of the land in the sabbatical year Le 25:6

. If foreigners not allowed to partake of the passover or holy things Ex 12:45; Le 22:10

. Anxiety of, for the end of their daily toil, alluded to Job 7:2

. Hebrew slaves serving their brethren to be treated as Le 25:39,40

. Hebrew slaves serving strangers to be treated as Le 25:47,53

. Often stood in the market place waiting for employment Mt 20:1-3

. Often will fed and taken care of Lu 15:17

. Often oppressed and their wages kept back Mal 3:5; Jas 5:4

- SLAVES OR BOND . Called bondmen Ge 43:18; 44:9

. By birth Ge 14:14; Ps 116:16; Jer 2:14

. By purchase Ge 17:27; 37:36

. Captives taken in war often kept as De 20:14; 2Ki 5:2

. Strangers sojourning in Israel might be purchased as Le 25:45

. Persons belonging to other nations might be purchased as Le 25:44

. Persons unable to pay their debts liable to be sold as 2Ki 4:1; Ne 5:4,5; Mt 18:25

. Thieves unable to make restitution were sold as Ex 22:3

. More valuable than hired servants De 15:18

. When Israelites not to be treated with rigour Le 25:39, 40,46

. When Israelites to have their liberty after six years service Ex 21:2; De 15:12

. Israelites sold as, refusing their liberty, to have their ears bored to the door Ex 21:5,6; De 15:16,17

. Israelites sold to strangers as, might be redeemed by their nearest of kin Le 25:47-55

. All Israelites sold as, to be free at the jubilee Le 25:10,40, 41,54

. Could not when set free demand wives or children procured during servitude Ex 21:3,4

. To be furnished liberally, when their servitude expired De 15:13,14

. When foreigners to be circumcised Ge 17:13,27; Ex 12:44

. To be allowed to rest on the Sabbath Ex 20:10

. To participate in all national rejoicings De 12:18; 16:11,14

. Persons of distinction had many Ge 14:14; Ec 2:7

. Engaged in the most menial offices 1Sa 25:41; Joh 13:4,5

. Maimed of injured by masters to have their freedom Ex 21:26,27

. Masters to be recompensed for injury done to Ex 21:32

. Laws respecting the killing of Ex 21:20,21

. Of others not to be coveted or enticed away Ex 20:17; De 5:21

. Seeking protection not to be delivered up to masters De 23:15

. Custom of branding, alluded to Ga 6:17

. Sometimes rose to rank and station Ec 10:7

. Sometimes intermarried with their master's family 1Ch 2:34,35

. Laws respecting marriage with female Ex 21:7-11

. Seizing and stealing of men for, condemned and punished by the law Ex 21:16; De 24:7; 1Ti 1:10

. Laws respecting, often violated Jer 34:8-16

- BOND, ILLUSTRATIVE . Of Christ Ps 40:6; Heb 10:5; Php 2:7,8

. Of saints 1Co 6:20; 7:23

. Of the wicked 2Pe 2:19; Ro 6:16,19

- Christ condescended to the office of Mt 20:28; Lu 22:27; Joh 13:5; Php 2:7

- Are inferior to their masters Lu 22:27

- Should follow Christ's example 1Pe 2:21

- DUTIES OF, TO MASTERS . To pray for them Ge 24:12

. To honour them Mal 1:6; 1Ti 6:1

. To revere them the more, when they are believers 1Ti 6:2

. To be subject to them 1Pe 2:18

. To obey them Eph 6:5; Tit 2:9

. To attend to their call Ps 123:2

. To please them well in all things Tit 2:9

. To sympathise with them 2Sa 12:18

. To prefer their business to their own necessary food Ge 24:33

. To bless God for mercies shown to them Ge 24:27,48

. To be faithful to them Lu 16:10-12; 1Co 4:2; Tit 2:10

. To be profitable to them Lu 19:15, 16,18; Phm 1:11

. To be anxious for their welfare 1Sa 25:14-17; 2Ki 5:2,3

. To be earnest in transacting their business Ge 24:54-56

. To be prudent in the management of their affairs Ge 24:34-49

. To be industrious in labouring for them Ne 4:16,23

. To be kind and attentive to their guests Ge 43:23,24

. To be submissive even to the froward Ge 16:6,9; 1Pe 2:18

. Not to answer them rudely Tit 2:9

. Not to serve them with eye-service, as men-pleasers Eph 6:6; Col 3:22

. Not to defraud them Tit 2:10

- Should be contented in their situation 1Co 7:20,21

- Should be compassionate to their fellows Mt 18:33

- SHOULD SERVE . For conscience towards God 1Pe 2:19

. In the fear of God Eph 6:5; Col 3:22

. As the servants of Christ Eph 6:5,6

. Heartily, as to the Lord, and not to men Eph 6:7; Col 3:23

. As doing the will of God from the heart Eph 6:6

. In singleness of heart Eph 6:5; Col 3:22

. With good will Eph 6:7

- When patient under injury are acceptable to God 1Pe 2:19,20

- When Good . Are the servants of Christ Col 3:24

. Are brethren beloved in the Lord Phm 1:16

. Are the Lord's freemen 1Co 7:22

. Are partakers of gospel privileges 1Co 12:13; Ga 3:28; Eph 6:8; Col 3:11

. Deserve the confidence of their masters Ge 24:2, 4,10; 39:4

. Often exalted Ge 41:40; Pr 17:2

. Often advanced by master Ge 39:4,5

. To be honoured Ge 24:31; Pr 27:18

. Bring God's blessing upon their masters Ge 30:27,30; 39:3

. Adorn the doctrine of God their Saviour in all things Tit 2:10

. Have God with them Ge 31:42; 39:21; Ac 7:9,10

. Are prospered by God Ge 39:3

. Are protected by God Ge 31:7

. Are guided by God Ge 24:7,27

. Are blessed by God Mt 24:46

. Are mourned over after death Ge 35:8

. Shall be rewarded Eph 6:8; Col 3:24

- The property of masters increased by faithful Ge 30:29,30

- CHARACTERISTICS OF WICKED SERVANTS . Eye-service Eph 6:6; Col 3:22

. Men-pleasers Eph 6:6; Col 3:22

. Deceit 2Sa 19:26; Ps 101:6,7

. Quarrelsomeness Ge 13:7; 26:20

. Covetousness 2Ki 5:20

. Lying 2Ki 5:22,24

. Stealing Tit 2:10

. Gluttony Mt 24:49

. Unmerciful to their fellows Mt 18:30

. Will not submit to correction Pr 29:19

. Do not bear to be exalted Pr 30:21,22; Isa 3:5

. Shall be punished Mt 24:50

- Good-Exemplified . Eliezer Ge 24:1-67

. Deborah Ge 24:59; 35:8

. Jacob Ge 31:36-40

. Joseph Ge 39:3; Ac 7:10

. Servants of Boaz Ru 2:4

. Jonathan's armour bearer 1Sa 14:6,7

. David's servants 2Sa 12:18

. Captive maid 2Ki 5:2-4

. Servants of Naaman 2Ki 5:13

. Servants of Centurion Mt 8:9

. Servants of Cornelius Ac 10:7

. Onesimus after his conversion Phm 1:11

- Bad-Exemplified . Servants of Abraham and Lot Ge 13:7

. Servants of Abimelech Ge 21:25

. Absalom's servants [Absalom's servants obeyed a bad master; they were bad men rather than bad servants] 2Sa 13:28,29; 14:30

. Ziba 2Sa 16:1-4

. Servants of Shimei 1Ki 2:39

. Jeroboam 1Ki 11:26

. Zimri 1Ki 16:9

. Gehazi 2Ki 5:20

. Servants of Amon 2Ki 21:23

. Job's servants Job 19:16

. Servants of the High Priest Mr 14:65

. Onesimus before his conversion Phm 1:11

Sheep

- Clean and used as food De 14:4

- DESCRIBED AS . Innocent 2Sa 24:17

. Sagacious Joh 10:4,5

. Agile Ps 114:4,6

. Being covered with a fleece Job 31:20

. Remarkably prolific Ps 107:41; 144:13; So 4:2; Eze 36:37

- Bleating of, alluded to Jud 5:16; 1Sa 15:14

- Under man's care from the earliest age Ge 4:4

- Constituted a great part of patriarchal wealth Ge 13:5; 24:25; 26:14

- Males of called rams 1Sa 15:22; Jer 51:40

- Females of, called ewes Ps 78:71

- Young of, called lambs Ex 12:3; Isa 11:6

- PLACES CELEBRATED FOR . Kedar Eze 27:21

. Bashan De 32:14

. Nebaioth Isa 60:7

. Bozrah Mic 2:12

- Flesh of, extensively used as food 1Sa 25:18; 1Ki 1:19; 4:23; Ne 5:18; Isa 22:13

- Milk of, used as food De 32:14; Isa 7:21,22; 1Co 9:7

- Skins of, worn as clothing by the poor Heb 11:37

- Skins of, made into a covering for the tabernacle Ex 25:5; 36:10; 39:34

- Wool of, made into clothing Job 31:20; Pr 31:13; Eze 34:3

- Offered in sacrifice from the earliest age Ge 4:4; 8:20; 15:9,10

- Offered in sacrifice under the law Ex 20:24; Le 1:10; 1Ki 8:5,63

- FLOCKS OF . Attended by members of the family Ge 29:9; Ex 2:16; 1Sa 16:11

. Attended by servants 1Sa 17:20; Isa 61:5

. Guarded by dogs Job 30:1

. Kept in folds or cotes 1Sa 24:3; 2Sa 7:8; Joh 10:1

. Conducted to the richest pastures Ps 23:2

. Fed on the mountains Ex 3:1; Eze 34:6,13

. Fed in the valleys Isa 65:10

. Frequently covered the pastures Ps 65:13

. Watered every day Ge 29:8-10; Ex 2:16,17

. Made to rest at noon Ps 23:2; So 1:7

. Followed the shepherd Joh 10:4,27

. Fled from strangers Joh 10:5

- Washed and shorn every year So 4:2

- Firstlings of, not to be shorn De 15:19

- Firstlings of, not to be redeemed Nu 18:17

- Firstlings of, could not be dedicated as a free-will offering Le 27:26

- Tithe of, given to the Levites 2Ch 31:4-6

- First wool of, given to the priests De 18:4

- Time of shearing, a time of rejoicing 1Sa 25:2, 11,36; 2Sa 13:23

- WERE FREQUENTLY . Given as presents 2Sa 17:29; 1Ch 12:40

. Given as tribute 2Ki 3:4; 2Ch 17:11

. Destroyed by wild beasts Jer 50:17; Mic 5:8; Joh 10:12

. Taken in great numbers in war Jud 6:4; 1Sa 14:32; 1Ch 5:21; 2Ch 14:15

. Cut off by disease Ex 9:3

- False prophets assume the simple appearance Mt 7:15

- ILLUSTRATIVE . Of the Jews Ps 74:1; 78:52; 79:13

. Of the people of Christ Joh 10:7-26; 21:16,17; Heb 13:20; 1Pe 5:2

. Of the wicked in their death Ps 49:14

. Of those under God's judgment Ps 44:1

. (In patience and simplicity,) of patience, of Christ Isa 53:7

. (In proneness to wander,) of those who depart from God Ps 119:176; Isa 53:6; Eze 34:16

. (Lost,) of the unregenerate Mt 10:6

. (When found,) of restored sinners Lu 15:5,7

. (Separation from the goats,) of the separation of saints from the wicked Mt 25:32,33

Shepherds

- Early mention of Ge 4:2

- Usually carried a scrip or bag 1Sa 17:40

- Carried a staff or rod Le 27:32; Ps 23:4

- Dwelt in tents while tending their flocks So 1:8; Isa 38:12

- Members of the family both male and female acted as Ge 29:6; 1Sa 16:11; 17:15

- Had hired keepers under them 1Sa 17:20

- The unfaithfulness of hireling, alluded to Joh 10:12

- CARE OF THE SHEEP BY, EXHIBITED IN . Knowing them Joh 10:14

. Going before and leading them Ps 77:20; 78:52; 80:1

. Seeking out good pasture for them 1Ch 4:39-41; Ps 23:2

. Numbering them when they return from pasture Jer 33:13

. Watching over them by night Lu 2:8

. Tenderness to the ewes in lamb, and to the young Ge 33:13,14; Ps 78:71

. Defending them when attacked by wild beasts 1Sa 17:34-36; Am 3:12

. Searching them out when lost and straying Eze 34:12; Lu 15:4,5

. Attending them when sick Eze 34:16

- An abomination to the Egyptians Ge 46:34

- ILLUSTRATIVE . Of God as leader of Israel Ps 77:20; 80:1

. Of Christ as the good shepherd Eze 34:23; Zec 13:7; Joh 10:14; Heb 13:20

. Of kings as the leaders of the people Isa 44:28; Jer 6:3; 49:19

. Of ministers of the gospel Jer 23:4

. (Searching out straying sheep,) of Christ seeking the lost Eze 34:12; Lu 15:2-7

. (Their care and tenderness,) of tenderness of Christ Isa 40:11; Eze 34:13-16

. (Ignorant and foolish,) of bad ministers Isa 56:11; Jer 50:6; Zec 11:7, Eze 34:2,10;8,15-17

Shewbread

- Twelve cakes of fine flour Le 24:5

- Called hallowed bread 1Sa 21:4

- Materials for, provided by the people Le 24:8; Ne 10:32,33

- Prepared by Levites 1Ch 9:32; 23:29

- Placed in two rows on the table by the priests Ex 25:30; 40:23; Le 24:6

- TABLE OF . Dimensions of Ex 25:23

. Covered with gold Ex 25:24

. Had an ornamental border Ex 25:25

. Had staves of shittim wood covered with gold Ex 25:28

. Had rings of gold in the corners for the staves Ex 25:26,27

. Had dishes, spoons, covers, and bowls of gold Ex 25:29

. Placed in the north side of the tabernacle Ex 40:22; Heb 9:2

. Directions for removing Nu 4:7

- Pure frankincense placed on Le 24:7

- Was changed every Sabbath day Le 24:8

- After removal from the table given to the priests Le 24:9

- Not lawful for any but the priests to eat, except in extreme cases 1Sa 21:4-6; Mt 12:4

- ILLUSTRATIVE OF . Christ as the bread of life Joh 6:48

. The Church 1Co 5:7; 10:17

Shields

- A part of defensive armour Ps 115:9; 140:7

- FREQUENTLY MADE OF, OR COVERED WITH . Gold 2Sa 8:7; 1Ki 10:17

. Brass 1Ki 14:27

- Said to belong to God Ps 47:9

- KINDS OF . The buckler or target 2Ch 9:15; 1Ch 5:18; Eze 26:8

. The small shield 2Ch 9:16

. Often borne by an armour bearer 1Sa 17:7

- BEFORE WAR . Gathered together Jer 51:11

. Uncovered Isa 22:6

. Repaired Jer 46:3

. Anointed 2Sa 1:21; Isa 21:5

. Often made red Na 2:3

- Provided by the kings of Israel in great abundance 2Ch 11:12; 26:14; 32:5

- A disgrace to lose, or throw away 2Sa 1:21

- Of the vanquished, often burned Eze 39:9

- In times of peace were hung up in towers or armouries Eze 27:10; So 4:4

- Were scarce in Israel in the days of Deborah and Barak Jud 5:8

- Many of the Israelites used, with expertness 1Ch 12:8, 24,34; 2Ch 14:8; 25:5

- ILLUSTRATIVE OF . Protection of God Ge 15:1; Ps 33:20

. Favour of God Ps 5:12

. Truth of God Ps 91:4

. Salvation of God 2Sa 22:36; Ps 18:35

. Faith Eph 6:16